How Guyana Is Feeding the Profits of the Largest U.S. Oil Company
Exxon’s oil discovery in Guyana's offshore waters more than a decade ago ranks among this century’s most significant finds, catapulting Guyana, a former British colony with 1 million inhabitants, into the world’s fastest-growing economy.Much of Guyana’s oil flows to Europe, replacing a portion of what the continent used to get from Russia, and some has been making its way to Asia during the Iran war, according to Kpler, a maritime data firm.
As important as Exxon has been for Guyana, the country has also been transformational for the largest U.S. oil company, giving it a lucrative new growth engine at a critical time. Rapidly accelerating production in Guyana helped push Exxon’s overall production to its highest level in more than 40 years last year, contributing an estimated 15 percent of the company’s operating income.
“Guyana has a terribly bad deal,” said Thomas Singh, an economist at the University of Guyana, referring to the 14.5 percent take that Guyana was getting from the consortium Exxon leads. He and other critics point out that oil-producing countries like Norway or Brazil get a much higher cut.
Alistair Routledge, who leads Exxon’s Guyana operations, said the contract was fair.
“We take all the financial risk,” Mr. Routledge said. “If we don’t find oil and end up developing commercial projects, we never recover that money.”
Attractive as Guyana may now be, Exxon considered dropping the project before striking oil in 2015, worried that investing in a country riddled with failed wells wasn’t worth it, former employees said.
Mr. Routledge also emphasized that while Guyana’s initial take may seem low, the deal includes an escalation mechanism: Exxon’s consortium recently recouped development costs, meaning Guyana’s proceeds will rise, potentially doubling or more from earlier levels.
How Guyana Is Feeding the Profits of the Largest U.S. Oil Company
Exxon Mobil found a coveted growth engine in Guyana. Now it must navigate Guyana’s fractious politics and a territorial dispute with Venezuela.